Seal (Rajmudra) of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj at the base of the Jijamata memorial. The Sanskrit text is as follows:
प्रतिपच्चन्द्रलेखेव वर्धिष्णुर्विश्ववन्दिता |
शाहसूनो: शिवस्यैषा मुद्रा भद्राय राजते ||
Translated in English:
This seal of Shivaji, the son of Shahaji, increasing in size like the moon of Pratipada (the first day after the moonless night), revered by the world, reigns for good.
On 1st November 1858, Queen Victoria was proclaimed Queen of India from the Town Hall steps. It was decided in a meeting of Mumbai citizens that the first public institution should be a museum to honor the new Queen, with the botanical gardens attached to it. Governor Sir Bartle Frere laid the foundation stone for the museum on 19th November 1862.
The David Sassoon Clock Tower originally stood outside the gates of Victoria Garden, by the side of the main road, then known as Parel Road (now BR Ambedkar Road). In 1926, during the widening of the road, the clock tower was dismantled brick by brick and reconstructed at its present location. During shifting, the earlier alignment was retained, and the successful relocation of the structure set a good example of sensitive heritage conservation.
In 1864, during an attempt to remove the statue from Elephanta Island, it broke into small fragments. The broken parts were brought to Victoria Gardens and reassembled by Sir George Birdwood, the Victoria and Albert Museum curator. The statue was placed outside the museum in 1914, making it one of the oldest artifacts displayed at the museum.
The David Sassoon Clock Tower is 67 feet high and has clocks facing the cardinal directions. The clocks are provided with four patent opal glass dials, each measuring four feet in diameter. Unlike other clock towers in Mumbai, which have mostly stopped functioning, the clocks of this clock tower are all in working condition.
Among the notable exotic plants at Jijamata Udyan are Baobab trees, which are native to Madagascar, parts of mainland Africa, and Australia. The tree was brought to India by Abyssinian traders more than 1,000 years back. Its bark fibre is used for making ropes and its fruit is relished by monkeys, hence also known as the 'Monkey Bread Tree'.
A stone statue stands at the centre of the roundabout inside Jijamata Udyan, which was chosen as the original installation site for the Flora Fountain, originally commissioned by the Agri Horticultural Society of Western India. However, the site was later changed and the fountain was placed at Churchgate, where it stands now.
Notable citizens of Mumbai who played a leading role in the establishment of Jijamata Bhonsle Udyan include Jagannath Shankarshet, David Sassoon, Dr. Bhau Daji Lad, George Birdwood, and Sir Jamsetji Jeejeebhoy. The garden was named after Queen Victoria to mark the transfer of power from the East India Company directly to the British Crown (in 1858).
The Agri Horticultural Society had first started a botanical garden at Sewri, but it didn't catch on. The garden became popular after the site shifted to Byculla. The garden started as a repository of exotic plants, herbs and trees, which the British had collected from Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Madagascar, China, Sri Lanka, India and other British colonies.