Commemorative plaque dedicated to Frederick W. Stevens as the designer and superintendent of the Municipal Buildings. Below Stevens is his assistant and resident engineer, Rao Sahib Sitaram Khanderao, who would later design (with DN Mirza) the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel. Also mentioned is Grattan Geary, who was President of the Corporation and friend of Stevens. Stevens had designed Geary's private villa at Lonavala.
Highlight of the BMC building is its spectacular central hall that greets visitors as they enter through the porte cochere. The hall is located directly below the inner dome and serves as an atrium, through which a grand staircase rises, flanked by a pair of winged lions. The staircase winds up to connect arcaded corridors that runs around the hollow central core.
Design for the BMC was to be selected via a competition open to architects from London. First prize was won by RF Chisholm who proposed a Hindu-Saracenic style. However, the project got delayed by a few years as new sites were considered. During the delay, Chisholm's design fell out of favour with authorities and call was made for fresh proposals.
The main entrance to the BMC building is positioned at the elbow of the V-shaped plot, facing CSMT. The entrance has a six-pillar porte cochère (coach gateway). This was originally designed for horse-driven coaches but was later adapted for motor vehicles.
The Indo-Saracenic style developed by British architects used motifs inspired from Mughal architecture and those of the Deccan Sultanates, from monuments built by the Adil Shahis (Bijapur) and Qutub Shahis (Hyderabad) to make them look more ‘Indian‘. A prominent adaptation by Frederick W. Stevens was the use of the onion-shaped dome with finial on top, which appears in buildings designed by him, including at the BMC.
An important design element Frederick W. Stevens borrowed from Venetian Gothic architecture was the use of a flower-shaped oeil-de-boeuf (ox-eye window in English), which let in natural light during the day. Though strictly not a window, because it was covered in stained glass, this circular opening is typically placed in a roof slope as a dormer, or above a door or pair of windows (as seen here).
FW Stevens submitted two coloured drawings of his design, one of its exterior and one of the Council Chamber, backing it with convincing arguments. He had visited Europe to study town halls and proposed a well-ventilated building for the municipality. Steven's new design was accepted and he was awarded the project, and Chisholm's proposal was cancelled.
Bombay Municipal Corporation commissioned Frederick W. Stevens to design a new building to hold its offices. The site offered was a V-shaped plot opposite Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT, formerly Victoria Terminus) at the intersection of Mahapalika Marg (formerly Cruikshank Road) and Dadabhai Naoroji Road (formerly Hornby Road).
Bartle Frere had envisioned Mumbai as urbs primus in Indis as early as the 1840s, when he collaborated with architect Henry Conybeare for building the Afghan Church at Navy Nagar, Colaba. His vision of Mumbai as India's prime city set in motion the Gothic Revival phase, which reached its peak under his patronage and in the last decades of the nineteenth century.