Before they are sold, fish are thoroughly cleaned and gutted to remove undesirable parts like fins, tails, bones, scales, and viscera. Instead of being discarded, fish waste is processed to produce fishmeal and fish oil, both of which have numerous industrial and agricultural applications. Fishmeal is a valuable source of protein and nutrients used in animal feeds for livestock, poultry, and aquaculture.
Dried fish may be packaged in plastic bags or pouches with airtight seals to protect them from moisture and contaminants. Processed fish products are sold to wholesalers or exported to other regions.
Local fishermen catch a variety of prawn species off the coast of Mumbai. Whiteleg prawn (king prawn), black tiger shrimp, different species of Solenocera or pink shrimp (seen here), green tiger prawn, and greasyback shrimp are among them.
The post-monsoon period from October to December is considered one of the peak fishing seasons in Mumbai. As the weather stabilizes and sea conditions improve, fishermen resume their fishing activities. This period is particularly favourable for catching species such as pomfret (paplet), prawns, and crabs. Though the supply of fish is highly variable and seasonal, it is estimated that 10–20 percent of the total catch is used for drying.
The sun-drying process may take several days or weeks, depending on factors such as temperature, humidity, and fish size. Regular dusting ensures the dried fish are evenly exposed to sunlight.
The summer months of March to May mark another peak fishing season in Mumbai, especially for catching species like shrimp and prawns. As sea temperatures rise, these crustaceans become more active, attracting fishermen to coastal waters and estuaries where they are commonly found.
Koli women purchase fresh catch from fishermen, either directly from the docks or at fish auctions, and sell it in local markets, door-to-door, or to wholesale buyers. Wholesale fish markets play a crucial role in the supply chain, connecting fishermen with retailers, restaurants, and consumers throughout Mumbai and beyond.
In addition to selling fresh fish, Koli women may engage in fish processing activities such as drying, smoking, salting, or pickling fish to extend its shelf life. Koli women exhibit resilience and entrepreneurship, engaging in diverse activities within the fishing and seafood trade sector to support themselves and their families.
From the moment they are offloaded, fish can be kept fresh with the use of ice. Ice factories, typically found near the fish market, regularly manufacture large amounts of ice for commercial use.
Some Koli fisherwomen engage in door-to-door sales, walking through neighbourhoods with baskets of fresh fish to sell to residents. This direct approach allows them to reach customers who may not be able to visit the local fish market.