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Late Gupta Period
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Charchoma Temple
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- Description:
- The side walls of the garbhagriha have windows that are topped by double chaitya arches. The lower chaitya arch depicts the bust of a deity flanked by two celestial beings. The upper chaitya arch shows a grassamukha.
- Keyword:
- Charchoma Shiva Temple, Kota, Mahakal Temple, Shivaratri, Late Gupta Period, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Shiva, Gupta Brahmi, Rajasthan, Charchoma Maliya, and Adi Shakti
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- A Chaturmukha linga is placed on top of the stone platform in the mandapa. As per the literal meaning of the term Chaturmukha, the linga has four faces, each facing a cardinal direction. The linga is made of a black stone and is worshipped as the primary deity by the locals. According to popular lore, the Chaturmukha linga represents Shiva, Parvati, Brahma, and Vishnu. The mukha facing the east (entrance gate) is of Shiva with a heavy jatabhara on the head. The south face of the linga has a heavy jatamukuta (matted crown) on its head and hairlocks cascading down to the shoulders. The west face (rear) also has a jatamukuta, albeit carved slightly differently from the other three. The north face has snail-shaped curls culminating in a jatamukuta. The deity is adorned with a beautiful necklace. The sringara (attributes) of all the four faces of the Chaturmukha linga are done differently. This could be a representation of Maheshmurti or the trinity, with Surya also depicted.
- Keyword:
- Charchoma Shiva Temple, Kota, Mahakal Temple, Shivaratri, Late Gupta Period, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Adi Shakti, Gupta Brahmi, Rajasthan, Charchoma Maliya, and Shiva
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 16-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- The pillar on the north end of the antarala has an inscription in Brahmi script with Gupta letters playing an important role in dating the foundation of the temple. The inscription is carved below a full-blown lotus. However, the surface of the pillar has deteriorated and the letters are not clear, making it difficult to discern the meaning of the inscription. Nevertheless, one can observe that the inscription comprises twelve lines. The last three lines appear distinct in their letters and style compared to the upper part of the inscription. The first three lines of the inscription discuss the Shiva linga and the temple.
- Keyword:
- Gupta Brahmi, Shivaratri, Rajasthan, Late Gupta Period, Charchoma Shiva Temple, Adi Shakti, Shiva, Mahakal Temple, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Kota, and Charchoma Maliya
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- The north face of the Chaturmukha linga has a jatamukuta (matted crown) but it is different from the other faces. Snail-shaped curls are carved above the forehead with hairlocks coming down to the shoulders. The deity is adorned with a beautiful necklace.
- Keyword:
- Charchoma Shiva Temple, Kota, Mahakal Temple, Shivaratri, Late Gupta Period, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Shiva, Gupta Brahmi, Rajasthan, Charchoma Maliya, and Adi Shakti
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- The antarala (vestibule) of the temple has four pillars. It is a rectangular plain passage that connects the mandapa (pillared hall) with the garbhagriha (sanctum sanctorum). This section of the temple structure dates to the Gupta period, as evident by a Gupta Brahmi inscription engraved on one of the pillars (on the right). The antarala leads to the garbhagriha which has a beautifully carved T-shaped door frame, one of the characteristics of Gupta-period temples. The doorframe of the garbhagriha has multiple shakhas, which are carved with figures of the river goddesses on each side at the bottom and dwarf figures and floral decorations above them. The antarala leads to the garbhagriha which has a beautifully carved T-shaped door frame, one of the characteristics of Gupta-period temples. The bottom of the shakha depicts river goddesses Ganga, on Makara, and Yamuna on Kachhappa, with their attendants. Above them, beautiful undulating creepers are shown. The shakha next to it shows standing dvarapalas, on each side, holding a weapon and flanked with dwarf figures performing different activities such as dancing, singing, and playing musical instruments.
- Keyword:
- Gupta Brahmi, Shivaratri, Rajasthan, Late Gupta Period, Charchoma Maliya, Adi Shakti, Shiva, Mahakal Temple, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Kota, and Charchoma Shiva Temple
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- View of the main temple structure from the southwest. The garbhagriha, unlike the mandapa exterior, shows some decoration on its façade. The garbhagriha stands on base mouldings with jaali (checkered) windows and chaitya arches. It has a simple latina-type shikhara (spire) with niches topped by udgama pediments (pediments with interconnected chaitya dormers) which look like miniature shikaras. At the apex, an amalaka is placed topped by bijapuraka (citron fruit).
- Keyword:
- Gupta Brahmi, Shivaratri, Rajasthan, Late Gupta Period, Charchoma Shiva Temple, Adi Shakti, Shiva, Mahakal Temple, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Kota, and Charchoma Maliya
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- The last shakha, depicting standing dvarapalas on each side, also showcases dwarf figures above. These dwarfs are depicted playing musical instruments, with one of the dwarf figures shown playing the drum.
- Keyword:
- Gupta Brahmi, Shivaratri, Rajasthan, Late Gupta Period, Charchoma Shiva Temple, Adi Shakti, Shiva, Mahakal Temple, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Kota, and Charchoma Maliya
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- The pillars of the antarala have a square base. The middle square shaft is carved with the half lotus medallion. Above this medallion, the shaft turns circular, topped with an amalaka, and a plain square abacus.
- Keyword:
- Gupta Brahmi, Shivaratri, Rajasthan, Late Gupta Period, Charchoma Shiva Temple, Adi Shakti, Shiva, Mahakal Temple, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Kota, and Charchoma Maliya
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- The double chaitya arch on the southern side shows Kartikeya in the lower arch. He is shown seated on a peacock, holding a spear.
- Keyword:
- Gupta Brahmi, Shivaratri, Rajasthan, Late Gupta Period, Charchoma Maliya, Adi Shakti, Shiva, Mahakal Temple, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Kota, and Charchoma Shiva Temple
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 17-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
-
- Description:
- Southeast view of the mulaprasada (main temple). Comprising a mandapa (hall), antarala (vestibule or antechamber), and a garbhagriha (sanctum sanctorum) on its plan, the temple has a simple elevation with minimal decoration. Outside the main temple, there is a yajnakund for performing yajna and havan (fire rituals).
- Keyword:
- Charchoma Shiva Temple, Kota, Mahakal Temple, Shivaratri, Late Gupta Period, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), Adi Shakti, Gupta Brahmi, Rajasthan, Charchoma Maliya, and Shiva
- Creator:
- Temples of India Project Team
- Contributor:
- Nikita Rathore
- Owner:
- tushar1.ayyar@jioinstitute.edu.in
- Publisher:
- Jio Institute
- Location:
- Kota
- Date Uploaded:
- 16-05-2024
- Date Modified:
- 16-05-2024
- Rights Statement Tesim:
- In Copyright
- Resource Type:
- Image
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